Photo from Unsplash by Levi Meir Clancy

Such a reading, however, produced a dichotomous view of the idea. If the idea were to be seen as endorsing more severe forms of political secession, it might also be considered as supporting internal self-determination, which includes the right of individuals to freely select their own political, economic, and social systems (Senese, S. 1989). The theory might be read as supporting the creation of a completely new state entity by dividing the territory of an existing state. The concepts of territorial integrity and sovereignty are fundamentally at odds with this.

Self-determination and the validity of both its "internal" and "external" meanings have come up again recently. It has particular relevance in light of the Saharawi people's protracted quest for international recognition and regional independence. The people who live in the western reaches of the Sahara desert are frequently referred to as "Saharawis." The struggle for political and territorial recognition among the Saharawi, a group of tribes of Arab and Berber heritage, has been dormant for many years. The United Nations (UN) has regarded the Western Sahara region as a non-self-governing territory since the end of Spanish dominance in the 1960s, although the signing of the 1975 "Madrid Accords" effectively gave the State of Morocco the right to exercise territorial sovereignty over the region (Fynn, V. 2011).

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